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There are some commercial and industrial buildings which now surpass sixty stories or more. These buildings all require tall cranes to be able to help move the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes that are operated from the rear of trucks or other types which have their own vehicle attached. Tower cranes are the largest kinds on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. Wherever new construction like for instance apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like shopping center are being built, odds are a crane will be on site.
Types
The two key types of cranes could be distinguished by the way in which their jib or boom raises materials. The jib is the metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries items. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds could vary from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 pounds
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a vertical steel mast that is composed of separate [parts. The sections are added to be able increase the overall height of the equipment. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The operator of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
To lift materials, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the boom or jib from a motor situated near the control module. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy supplies are lifted.
The hydraulic truck crane is a specific mobile crane that uses hydraulic power to raise and move thousands of pounds. Hydraulics utilizes forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are really important in constructing major projects like airports, bridges, buildings and roads. A crane could complete in minutes tasks which would normally take a lot of hours and hundreds of men to complete.
These impressive machines have played a vital role in constructing houses, cities, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were probably built using basic cranes to allow the heaviest supplies in one of the most amazing construction projects of all time.
The first representation of a crane was showcased during King Ramses' reign within Egypt in 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device which was used to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These mechanism were utilized to create an entire country during the 5th century B.C.
Originally, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers building dockyards decided they required something stronger and bigger did these machines evolve. Hick & Rothwell designed the first cast iron cranes in 1834, in Bolton, England. This machinery could lift as much as 2 tons. That same year, wire ropes were added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany started to build cast iron cranes 4 years later. The very first cast iron crane made by Germany was made in Neuburg.
